Barry's Keeblog

使用零件 Parts：
半高度陽極鋁殼，紅色
壓克力定位板
Play Keyboard60 電路板
Cherry茶軸 三腳
Cherry原廠 PCB衛星軸

Low Profile Red Aluminum Case
Acrylic Plate
Play Keyboard60 PCB
Cherry Plate Mounting Brown Switches
Cherry PCB Stabilizers

Ver. 05/10/2018

1. 工具準備 Tools
這些是我自己組鍵盤時會用到的工具，因為有時會伴隨著維修，其實大致上只需要一部分的工具即可，也有些沒有入鏡的，等等會在其它照片之中展示。
These were tools I would use when building a keyboard. Some were not in the photo. They will be showed up later.
 
最需要特別提出的部分是錫絲及電烙鐵，如果你沒有經常使用的話，買一把日製的即可，瓦數推薦30 or 40瓦。錫絲的部分，有分有鉛及無鉛，無鉛錫絲比較環保，但所需的熔點較高，可以買粗度比較低的，會比較好熔。吸錫器也一定要準備一把，以防軸焊錯位置沒辦法除錫處理。
The thing I need to mention particularly is the soldering iron. I recommand you pick up one with 30W or 40W. Lead free solder wire is also recommanded for enviromental protection. Desoldering pump is for removing the solder when you install a switch to a wrong position.

2. 零件介紹 Parts Intro

鍵盤的基本組成通常是外殼、定位板、電路板、軸、衛星軸及鍵帽，這邊就不特別著墨在零件的挑選。
A mechanical keyboard normally composited by a case, a switch plate, a PCB, switches, stabilizers and keycaps. We don't focus on parts variants in this article.

拿到電路板，第一件，也是最重要的事情，就是測試板子的功能是否正常。個人的建議是，先把電路板刷機一遍，這樣可以順便檢測刷機功能是否正常，再來測試板子。
測試板子的方式很簡單，接線後，用金屬鑷子在兩個軸點裡同時夾一下，就會觸發該鍵的信號，切記每個軸點都要測試，有些共用訊號的點（焊盤連接在一起的那些地方）挑兩個孔測試即可。燈孔的部分也是一樣，把背光開起來，拿支LED在燈孔正負極觸碰一下看看有沒有正常發亮即可。
First you have to test your PCB to make sure it's functioning normally. I recommand you flash your keyboard with your hex file before testing it.
Plug in your cable, and pick up a tweezer to short both switch holes to activate the signal. All holes should be tested. There are some position sharing the same signal, then just choose a pair to do it.
Same for LED holes, turn on backlight and insert a LED to see if it lights up.

3. 衛星軸調教 Stabilizers Tuning（依個人喜好做調整，不需要完全照做）(accroding to your preferences)
長鍵的地方，我們會需要用到平衡機構來讓鍵帽按壓的時候穩定。2u長度以上（比Backspace長）的鍵帽都會需要平衡機構，一般DIY鍵盤最常使用的是安置在PCB上的PCB衛星軸。PCB衛星軸的優點是，相較於必須配合定位板設計，只能使用一種鍵位的定位板衛星軸及龍船龍豆平行桿的組合，可以支援有兼容多種鍵位的電路板使用。反過來的缺點就是，如果一個衛星軸嚴重壞損，就必須整把鍵盤解焊才有空間把該PCB衛星軸取出處理。不過通常沒這麼容易壞，拔鍵帽的時候施力平均，小心一點即可。
Generally keycaps longer than 2u all need a stabilizer. PCB stabilizer is the only option now for keyboards to be compatible with many layouts. Mostly you have to desolder whole keyboard to fix a broken PCB stabilizer, which is the disadvantage. You can avoid that by applying force averagely when removing keycaps.

上圖為PCB衛星軸的組成，由左至右分別為軸心、軸座、鐵絲。
Components of stabilizers.

第一個要處理的地方是軸心。基部的位置有兩個突起的塑膠腳（紅圈處），這是我認為影響衛星軸打起來變肉的主要原因。要讓按壓順暢的話，得先把它除掉。
Clip the feet which I think it's the reason causing the stablizer being rough when pressing first.

拿支斜口鉗或是剪刀剪掉，這樣可以讓底部保持是平的。
A diagonal plier will do the work.

接下來潤滑的步驟可有可無。潤滑油的好處是，能讓零件接觸滑動變順暢，及減少噪音。
Next step is lubing. It helps stabilizers become smoother and reduce sound.

軸心的地方，我會用比較稀的潤滑油拿支細水彩筆塗一些在兩側，量不需要太多，有即可。塗好後就可暫時先裝進軸座裡。
You can lube both sides of axis a bit with a thin watercolor pen. Put them in to stands when they are ready.

注意軸心有兩個開口那面，必須與軸座開口那面方向一致。
A side of axis with two hole shoud meet a side of stand with a opening.

鐵絲的部分，可用稠的潤滑脂，在會卡進軸座卡榫的地方上一些。
Thick lubricant works well with wires. Apply some to the part that installed in latch of stands.

兩側都塗好之後就可以裝進軸心與軸座裡了。
Assembly them when they are ready.

4. 組裝
首先要把PCB衛星軸先裝進定位板裡（不能先裝定位板及軸，會裝不進）。
Install stabilizers first. It's not available to do it after you combine switch plate and switches with PCB.

安裝的卡榫對照PCB的位置請參考上圖的圖形，不可裝反。
Please follow those circles and squares for indication when installing.


整把裝好後的樣子。
The look when they are all done.

接下來準備一個長鍵帽（通常我是用Backspace）及你所使用長度的空白鍵按壓測試。
Please prepare keycaps for testing stabilizers. (a backspace and a spacebar will do it.)


每個衛星軸都測試過確定順暢之後，就可以開始處理軸跟定位板了。
If they are smooth when pressing, we can move to next step for switches and plate.

這個是把軸裝進定位板裡，與PCB結合後尚未焊接的樣子，不確定軸要放哪可以用鍵帽輔助。一般來說，使用三腳軸就必須配合定位板組裝，如不要定位板，則需使用五腳軸。
The look after combining all parts together. If you are not sure where to install switches, use some keycaps for indication.
Normally, you need a plate for plate-mounting switches. Use PCB-mounting switches if you are not going to use a plate.

對照其它近拍軸孔的圖片，可以發現有兩個小孔，就是給上圖五腳軸的塑膠腳使用的，當然五腳軸也可以配合定位板一起使用，裝得進去就行。
建議一定要先把所有的軸裝進定位板，確認定位板的規格沒有瑕疵，才開始焊接軸。
There are two small holes in PCB, which are for PCB-mounting switches. It's also available for using a plate and PCB-mounting switches.
I recommand you put all switches in first to make sure the plate is flawless before soldering.

焊接可以先挑選上圖的軸點做焊接，四個角先焊，可以幫助定位板跟PCB固定。Backspace因為是長鍵比較需要調整，所以也能挑選左邊那顆來焊。
You can solder corner switches to make sure plate and PCB combine firmly. Sometimes backspace needs to be tuned a bit. You can pick the left one to do it.



焊接方式如上，試著把錫熔上焊盤，包覆住焊盤即可。其它詳細的焊接操作請上網搜尋參考。
The above pic shows you how to solder. Try to cover the pad with solder completely.

一顆軸焊好後的樣子，記得烙鐵不要碰個幾下就拿起來，要給錫足夠的時間被加熱，才能形成一個飽滿的圓錐體。
A well soldered switch. You need to give iron some time to heat up the solder to make switch pin and pad been surrounded by solder perfectly.

固定好之後，一排一排的焊接。單倍鍵先處理，再來解決比較麻煩的長鍵及兼容鍵位。塑膠尺可以幫助在焊接前調整歪軸，抵住軸的一邊，平均施力往上推齊即可。
When corners are ready, solder them row by row. You can skip long length caps and deal with 1u positions first. A plastic ruler is a good tool to help you tuned crooked switches. Leans it against switches and push them up to make switches be in the right position.

注意軸的兩個小卡榫要跑出來，才算有完整的卡進定位板裡。
Make sure latches of switches are out.

大部分的軸都焊好了之後，剛剛圖上Backspace下的\鍵沒有放軸，那邊的開口比較大，需要另外處理，平板放置架是個非常好用的道具，可將PCB立起來會比較好操作，讓手可以按住軸再焊接。
其它長鍵可以配合鍵帽，把鍵帽裝上之後按壓看看是否正常及有沒有歪，再把軸焊起來。
If there are some switches not able to stuck with plate, a pad holder is sweet stuff for helping. You can make PCB straight up putting it in the holder for using fingers to hold switches in the right position, then soldering it.
Install and press keycaps in switches to see if positions with stabs are crooked.

燈也可以使用平板支架來處理，兩腳正負極對準插入後，切記不要像其它的教學文一樣把腳折彎來幫助固定。先焊一支腳，如果燈沒有裝到底，再重新加熱讓錫流動，趁勢把燈推進正確的位置，另外一支腳再焊上即可。
I recommand you solder LEDs with a pad holder as well. Don't bend LED legs for setting LEDs. Soldering a led first. If the LED still has distance to final position, heats up solder again then pushing down. The remaining leg will be easy to deal with after these steps.

焊完之後要記得把多餘的腳剪斷。
Cut extra legs after finishing soldering.


所有東西都好了之後就可以裝進殼裡鎖上了。
Install plate and pcb in the case.


裝上鍵帽，完成！
Put keycaps in. Done!

以上是機械鍵盤基本的組裝教學，感謝觀賞。
The above is the basic guide for building a mechanical keyboard. Thanks for reading.